Civil & human rights

Last reviewed March 2024 by the Clicklaw editors

Human rights are the fundamental rights and freedoms that you’re entitled to as a human being. They are universal and apply to everyone. Civil rights are about specific rights and freedoms that Canada guarantees to its citizens. You have the right to vote, freedom of expression and freedom of religion, and the right to equality under the law. 

Gain a deeper understanding of your rights as someone living in BC. You can better advocate for yourself and others when you think that rights are being violated. 

Explore the links below to reliable online guides and tools and to organizations in BC. They have been chosen by librarians at Courthouse Libraries BC.  

Selected resources

Click on a topic to see a list of resources.

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BC’s Human Rights System

BC’s Office of the Human Rights Commissioner
This tool helps you figure out who can help you with your human rights issue. You can get legal help making a human rights complaint, file or check on the status of your human rights complaint, explore human rights issues in BC, and better understand your human rights.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Human Rights in BC

BC’s Office of the Human Rights Commissioner
This website introduces the three pillars that support human rights in the province. It also offers a brief explanation of personal characteristics based on the Human Rights Code, such as age, religion, gender identity, source of income, and many more.
Last reviewed March 2024
Logo of the Community Legal Assistance Society, featuring a workmark in black text with a colorful abstract design on the left around another wordmark "CLAS" consisting of blue, green, purple, and orange shapes.

BC Human Rights Clinic: Process

Community Legal Assistance Society (CLAS)
Describes the process of filing a human rights complaint, including how long each step can take, what to expect after you first send your application, what documents you may need, and how to prepare for a hearing.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Guide to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Government of Canada
Explains the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (the Charter) and its importance in the daily lives of Canadians.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Dial-a-Law: Charter Rights: Equality Rights

People’s Law School
The idea that all people should be treated equally is a core value in Canadian society. In fact, equality rights are enshrined in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Dial-a-Law: Charter Rights: Legal Rights

People’s Law School
Several legal rights are enshrined in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Learn about these rights, and what a court can do if your legal rights are violated.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Dial-a-Law: Children’s Rights

People’s Law School
The legal rights of children vary from those of adults. Learn the rights of children in several contexts, and situations where their views are considered in decisions that affect them.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Discrimination: A Primer

People’s Law School
Explains discrimination, which is when you’re treated badly or unfairly because of certain parts of your identity. Learn to identify discrimination, and find out what steps to take if you’re discriminated against.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Hate Speech and the Law in British Columbia

BC’s Office of the Human Rights Commissioner
This page answers common questions about hate speech based on the laws that are applicable in BC. Includes discriminatory speech, protected characteristics under the Criminal Code and BC’s Human Rights Code, freedom of speech, defending yourself when accused, witnessing hate speech, and being a victim.
Last reviewed March 2024
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If You Are Indigenous and Experience Discrimination

People’s Law School
Explains discrimination, which is when you’re treated badly or unfairly because of certain parts of your identity. Learn what your human rights and options are if you experience discrimination.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Freedom of Expression

BC Civil Liberties Association
Fact sheet about the right to free expression in Canada.
Last reviewed March 2024
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If You Are Indigenous and Experience Discrimination

People’s Law School
Explains discrimination, which is when you’re treated badly or unfairly because of certain parts of your identity. Learn what your human rights and options are if you experience discrimination.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Indigenous Peoples and Human Rights

Government of Canada
Explains the anti-discrimination legislation in Canada that protects and advocates for the human rights of Indigenous peoples.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Booklets for Indigenous Prisoners

Prisoners’ Legal Services
Various booklets that explains your rights and the programs available to you as an Indigenous person in federal or provincial custody.
Last reviewed August 2024
Organization logo of "TRAC" with the "A" shaped like a house.

Your Tenancy: Human Rights

Tenant Resource & Advisory Centre (TRAC)
While the Residential Tenancy Act is the main piece of legislation that governs tenants’ and landlords’ rights and responsibilities, section 10 of the BC Human Rights Code gives tenants further protections when it comes to discrimination in tenancies.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Know Your Rights: A Guide for People Who Rely on Public Space

Pivot Legal Society
A guide on basic rights designed for people who rely on public space and regularly interact with law enforcement figures, including police, bylaw officers, and private security guards because of their living conditions.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Discrimination in the Workplace

People’s Law School
Being treated differently than others based on personal characteristics is called discrimination. The law protects you from discrimination at work. Learn your rights and options if someone discriminates against you.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Your Privacy Rights at Work

People’s Law School
Explains the balance between an employer’s need to know what’s going on in their workplace and a worker’s right not to be snooped on. Information on this page includes what privacy law applies to your employer, and explains your privacy rights during the hiring process, including the fact that your employer must have a privacy policy, and more.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Address Sexual Harassment

Government of British Columbia
Defines sexual harassment, gives examples, and goes over procedures for prevention and addressing complaints. The web page emphasizes the roles of both employees and supervisors in maintaining a respectful work environment. Written for those who work in the BC Public Service.
Last reviewed March 2024
Logo features a dove in a circle outlined with a chain, with one link broken. The organization name is to the right.

Booklets for People in Federal Prisons

Prisoners’ Legal Services
Various booklets explain your rights and the programs available to you as a person in federal custody.
Last reviewed August 2024
Logo features a dove in a circle outlined with a chain, with one link broken. The organization name is to the right.

Booklets for People in Provincial Prisons

Prisoners’ Legal Services
Various booklets explain your rights and the programs available to you as a person in provincial custody.
Last reviewed August 2024
Logo features a dove in a circle outlined with a chain, with one link broken. The organization name is to the right.

Booklet for Youth in Custody

Prisoners’ Legal Services
Booklet explaining your rights and the programs available to you as a youth in provincial custody.
Last reviewed August 2024
Logo features a dove in a circle outlined with a chain, with one link broken. The organization name is to the right.

Booklets for Indigenous Prisoners

Prisoners’ Legal Services
Various booklets that explains your rights and the programs available to you as an Indigenous person in federal or provincial custody.
Last reviewed August 2024
The logo features a stylized infinity symbol, with the female symbol joined to the infinity symbol on the bottom left, and the male symbol joined to the infinity symbol on the top right. The words "Catherine While Holman Wellness Centre" are to the right of the female symbol.

Trans Rights BC: Know Your Rights

Catherine White Holman Wellness Centre
This project aims to spread human rights information that is accurate, accessible, and relevant to the safety and well-being of trans and gender-diverse individuals and their supportive allies across British Columbia. Topics include immigration, public spaces/services, sex work, and more.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Protecting Our Schools: A Handbook to Address Transphobia in Education

Lawyers Against Transphobia
A detailed guide to help school boards, staff, and students fight transphobia in schools. It was created by Lawyers Against Transphobia, a group of about 50 lawyers, teachers, parents, and justice workers, whose goal is to tackle transphobia by working within the legal system and with the media, and responding to transphobic incidents as they...
Last reviewed September 2024
Logo of the Community Legal Assistance Society, featuring a workmark in black text with a colorful abstract design on the left around another wordmark "CLAS" consisting of blue, green, purple, and orange shapes.

BC Human Rights Clinic: Do I Have a Complaint?

Community Legal Assistance Society (CLAS)
Information about filing a human rights complaint with the BC Human Rights Tribunal. Answers questions such as what is considered discrimination and what is not.
Last reviewed March 2024
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How to File a Complaint to Canadian Human Rights Commission

Canadian Human Rights Commission
This website outlines what you need to know before filing a human rights complaint. It tells you other important things you need to consider and includes a link to the FAQ. It gives you the link to information about the three ways to file a complaint.
Last reviewed March 2024
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BC Human Rights Tribunal: Guide to Getting Ready for a Hearing

BC Human Rights Tribunal
A guide for the hearing process for a complaint under the BC Human Rights Code. It gives an overview of the process, describes how you can prepare for the hearing, and explains what happens at the hearing and when you can expect a decision.
Last reviewed March 2024
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BC Human Rights Tribunal: Guide to the Settlement Meeting

BC Human Rights Tribunal
This guide is an overview of the settlement meeting process under the BC Human Rights Code. It describes what happens at the meeting, when the meeting is held, who is at the meeting, and what the outcomes might be.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Making a Human Rights Complaint

People’s Law School
Explains the steps involved in making a formal human rights complaint.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Guide to the BC Human Rights Code and Tribunal

BC Human Rights Tribunal
The BC Human Rights Tribunal is responsible for enforcing the BC human rights law, known as the Human Rights Code. This overview describes what the tribunal does, how to file a complaint, what the process involves, and where to get help.
Last reviewed March 2024
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BC Human Rights Tribunal: Guide for Self-Represented People

BC Human Rights Tribunal
This guide explains how the tribunal works in plain language. It gives the definition of administrative tribunal and explains the roles of different parties involved. Topics outlined include making the applications, what happens in the hearing, and what to do if you disagree with the decision.
Last reviewed March 2024
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BC Human Rights Tribunal: Information Sheets and Guides

BC Human Rights Tribunal
This web page provides links to the four guides to the BC Human Rights Tribunal process, along with information sheets and frequently asked questions.
Last reviewed March 2024
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LSLAP Manual: Human Rights

Law Students’ Legal Advice Program (LSLAP)
This chapter is used by law students handling cases at LSLAP’s legal clinics. It’s an overview of legislated human rights, the contexts in which those rights operate, and prohibited grounds of discrimination. The complaints process and available remedies are also addressed.
Last reviewed September 2024
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Discrimination

People’s Law School
Main page with links to information and guides about discrimination. Topics include discrimination in accessing a service, in the workplace, in housing, in mental health, in accessing healthcare, and systemic discrimination. Learn how to make a human rights complaint, and your rights if you’re Indigenous and experience discrimination.
Last reviewed July 2024
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Your Guide to Understanding the Canadian Human Rights Act

Canadian Human Rights Commission
This guide explains what discrimination is, how the law prohibits it, and what to do if someone discriminates against you. The guide deals with the federal Canadian Human Rights Act, but not with provincial or territorial laws.
Last reviewed March 2024
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Charterpedia (information about the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms)

Government of Canada
Charterpedia provides legal info about the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and contains information about the purpose of each section of the Charter, the analysis or test developed through case law in respect of the section, and any considerations related to it. Each Charterpedia entry cites relevant case law.
Last reviewed March 2024